An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics
English-French-Persian

The study of linguistic and non-linguistic signs and symbols used in natural and artificially constructed languages. Semiotics is usually divided into three branches: 1) → pragmatics, 2) → semantics, and 3) → syntax.

→ semiotic; → -ics.

A type of giant or supergiant pulsating variable star, with intermediate or late spectra, showing noticeable periodicity in its light changes, accompanied or sometimes interrupted by various irregularities. Periods lie in the range from 20 to more than 2000 days, while the shapes of the light curve may be rather different and variable with each cycle. The amplitudes may be from several hundredths to several magnitudes (usually 1-2 magnitudes in the V filter). Examples are Betelgeuse, Antares, and Rasalgethi. Semiregular variables are classified in several subtypes: SRA, SRB, SRC, and SRD.

→ semi-; → regular; → variable.

1) Older or elder (designating the older of two men bearing the same name, as a father whose son is named after him, often written as Sr. or sr. Compare → junior.
2a) Of higher or the highest rank or standing.
2b) (in American schools, colleges, and universities) Of or relating to students in their final year or to their class (Dictionary.com).

M.E., from L. senior "older," comparative of senex (genitive senis) "old," from PIE root *sen- "old;" cf. Av. hana- "old;" O.Pers. hanata- "old age, lapse of time;" Skt. sanah "old;" Armenian hin "old;" Gk. enos "old, of last year;" Lith. senas "old," senis "an old man;" Goth. sineigs "old," O.Irish sen, O.Welsh hen "old." sjunio

Mehtar "greater, elder, governor," from meh "great, large, principla," cognate with L. mas, → Big Bang, + comparative suffix -tar.

The perception or awareness of stimuli through the senses.

From M.L. sensationem (nominative sensatio), from L.L. sensatus "endowed with sense, sensible," from L. sensus "feeling," → sense.

Hess-kard, hesseš, verbal nouns of hess kardin, hessidan, → sense.

1) Any of the faculties, as sight, hearing, smell, taste, by which a person or animal obtains information about the physical world.
2) To perceive by the senses; become aware of.

M.E., from O.Fr. sens, from L. sensus "perception, feeling, undertaking," from sentire "perceive, feel, know."

Hess, loan from Ar. Hess kardan, hessidan infinitives from hess.

1) Capacity for sensation or feeling; responsiveness to sensory stimuli.
2) Physics: The realignment of a magnetic compass pointer along a magnetic field line after the pointer has been deflected.

→ sensible; → -ity.

That can be perceived by the senses.

M.E., from O.Fr. from L. sensibilis "having feeling, perceptible by the senses," from sensus, p.p. of sentire "perceive, feel," → sense.

Hess-pazir, from hess, → sense + pazir, → -able; hessidani, from hessidan (v.) + -i, → -able.

The great circle of the celestial sphere whose poles are the nadir and zenith. Same as astronomical horizon.

→ sensible; → horizon.

Endowed with sensation; having perception through the senses. Responding to a stimulus.

From M.Fr. sensitif, from M.L. sensitivus "capable of sensation," from L. sensus, p.p. of sentire "feel perceive," → sense.

hessmand, from hess, → sense + -mand possession suffix.

1) The required brightness for an object in order to be detected by an observing instrument. A highly sensitive telescope can detect dim objects, while a telescope with low sensitivity can detect only bright ones.
2) Of a radio receiver or similar device, the minimum input signal required to produce a specified output signal having a specified signal-to-noise ratio.

State noun from → sensitive.

A device that receives and responds to a signal or stimulus (light, temperature, radiation level, or the like) by transmitting to a control equipment with the required degree of accuracy. → wavefront sensor.

→ sense; → -or.

1) Grammar: A grammatical unit of one or more words that expresses an independent statement, question, request, command, exclamation, etc., and that typically has a subject as well as a predicate, as in John is here. or Is John here? (Dictionary.com).
2) Law: An authoritative decision; a judicial judgment or decree, especially the judicial determination of the punishment to be inflicted on a convicted criminal: Knowledgeable sources say that the judge will announce the sentence early next week (Dictionary.com).

M.E., from O.Fr. sentence "judgment, decision; statement of authority," from L. sententia "thought, opinion; judgment," also "a thought expressed," from sentientem, p.p. of sentire "be of opinion, feel, perceive."

Sahân, related to soxan, → speech and pâsox, → response; Mid.Pers saxwan "speech, word;" O.Pers. θaⁿh- "to declare, say;" Av. səngh- (sanh-) "to declare;" Proto-Ir. *sanh- "to declare, explain;" cf. Skt. śams- "to praise, recite;" L. censere "to estimate, think; decide;" PIE *kens- "to announce, proclaim" (Cheung 2007).

Pertaining to or of the nature of a → sentence.

From L. sententi(a), → sentence, + → -al.

Same as → propositional logic.

→ sentential; → logic.

1) Detached, disconnected, disjoined.
2) To set apart; disconnect; dissociate.

→ separation.

General: The act or process of separating. The place at which a division or parting occurs.
Astro.: The angular distance between the two components of a visual binary or optical double star.

M.E., from O.Fr. separation, from L. separationem, from separare "to pull apart," from se- "apart" + parare "make ready, prepare."

Jodâyi state noun of jodâ "separate," from Mid.Pers. yut "separate, different;" Av. yuta- "separate, apart."

The energy required to remove a particle (a proton or a neutron) from a particular atomic nucleus.

→ separation; → energy.

A person or thing that separates. → decimal point.

→ separate; → -or.

1) General: Something that divides or separates. Plural: separatrices.
2) Math.: Any mark that separates digits in groups, such as the decimal point placed at the left of a decimal fraction, to separate it from the whole number which it follows.
3) Physics: A bundle of magnetic field lines which creates separate plasma regions.

From L. separatrix "she that separates," → separation; -trix a suffix.

Jodâgar, from jodâ "separate," → separation, + -gar, → -or.

1) General: The following of one thing after another; succession; something that follows; connected line of events, ideas, etc.
2) Math.: A set of quantities that are ordered in some way, such as a₁, a₂, a₃, .... A sequence is said to be known if a formula can be given for any particular term using the preceding terms or using its position in the sequence. Special types of sequences are commonly called → progressions. The terms of a sequence, when written as an indicated sum, form a → series.

M.E., from O.Fr. sequence "answering verses," from M.L. sequentia "a following, a succession," from L. sequentem (nominative sequens), pr.p. of sequi "to follow;" PIE base *sek^w- "to follow;" cf. Pers. az from; Mid.Pers. hac "from;" Av. hac-, hax- "to follow," hacaiti "follows" (O.Pers. hacā "from;" Av. hacā "from, out of;" Skt. sácā "with"); Skt. sácate "accompanies, follows;" Gk. hepesthai "to follow;" Lith. seku "to follow."

Peyâyé, literally "that follows; a subsequent event," from pey "after; step," related to pâ "foot" (Mid.Pers. pâd, pây, Av. pad-, Skt. pat, Gk. pos, gen. podos, L. pes, gen. pedis, P.Gmc. *fot, E. foot, Ger. Fuss, Fr. pied; PIE *pod-/*ped-) + ây- present stem of âmadan "to come, arrive, become" (Av. ay- "to go, to come," aēiti "goes;" O.Pers. aitiy "goes;" Skt. e- "to come near," eti "arrival;" L. ire "to go;" Goth. iddja "went," Lith. eiti "to go;" Rus. idti "to go") +-é nuance suffix.
Rešté "thread, line, rope, row," p.p. of reštan, risidan "to spin;" Mid.Pers. rištag "rope, string, thread;" Av. uruuaēs- "to turn around," uruuaēsa- "vortex in water;" cf. Skt. vréśī- "an appellation of waters;" Gk. rhiknos "crooked;" Lith. rišti "tie, bind;" O.H.G. rīho "knee-bend."